The monk, who had broken his vow by marrying, was to be excommunicated, was to be compelled to separate from his wife, and might be forcibly reclaimed by his monastery: if a priest, he was to be degraded (Greg. M. Ep. i. 33, 40, vii. 9, xii. 20, ap. Grat. xxvii.; Qu. i. c. 15; Conc. Turon. II. c. 15). These severities were no part of Benedict’s comparatively mild and lenient code; but they testify to his having introduced a much stricter estimation of the monastic vow. At the same time, as with a
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